Donald Trump Appointing Hawk Mr. Bolton As National Security Adviser
March 22, 2018
2018年3月22日
Donald Trump has replaced his national security adviser H.R.McMaster with foreign policy hawk John Bolton, an explosive appointment that signals a further lurch to the right and points to a White House in turmoil.
唐纳德·特朗普（Donald Trump）决定，外交政策鹰派人物约翰·博尔顿（John Bolton）将替换赫伯特·雷蒙德·麦克马斯特（H.R.McMaster）出任国家安全顾问，这个爆炸性的任命消息表明了美国政府的进一步向右倾斜，也指向了白宫眼下的一场乱局。
The move came only hours after an increasingly bellicose Trump administration said it would impose tariffs on up to $60 bn in annual imports from China, unsettling global investors. The benchmark S&:P500 dropped 2.5 per cent on Thursday, its biggest loss since February 8. Asian markets followed the US lower on Friday.
此举是在日益好斗的特朗普政府宣布将对每年高达600亿美元的中国输美产品征收25%关税后仅数小时作出的。美国征收关税的举措让全球投资者感到不安。周四基准的标准普尔500指数 (S&:P500) 下跌2.5%，是自2月8日以来的最大跌幅。周五亚洲市场也跟随美国脚步走低。
The decision to elevate Mr. Bolton marks a further defeat for White House moderates. It came on the same day Rex Tillerson departed the State Department, and follows the resignation of Gary Cohn as director of Mr. Trump’s National Economic Council.
提拔博尔顿（Bolton）的决定标志着白宫温和派的又一场败绩。这正好是雷克斯·蒂勒森离开美国国务院的同一天，前不久加里·科恩 (Gary Cohn) 也辞去了国家经济委员会 (National Economic Council) 主席一职。
Mr. Bolton will be the third national security adviser for Mr. Trump in a little over 14 months. Earlier in the day, John Dowd, the president’s lead lawyer on the special counsel investigation into Russian meddling in the 2016 presidential election, resigned in a major shake-up for Mr. Trump’s legal team.
博尔顿将是特朗普14个月多时间里的第三任国家安全顾问。当日早些时候，就俄罗斯干涉美国2016年总统大选问题，而进行特别法律顾问调查的特朗普的首席律师约翰·多德辞职，这是特朗普的法律团队的一个重大变化。
Rumors that Mr. McMaster could be replaced by Mr. Bolton have been circulating for weeks in Washington, but the news still triggered alarm in parts of the capital’s foreign policy establishment. Among the major questions that will now be asked are the direction of America’s Iran policy, given Mr. Bolton is due to be joined by fellow hawk Mike Pompeo as the new secretary of state.
有关博尔顿将取代麦克马斯特的谣言在华盛顿已经流传数周，但这个消息还是在华盛顿的外交政策建制派中引起了震动。现在要问的重大问题之一是美国对伊朗政策的走向，因为除博尔顿外，新的国务卿也将由鹰派人物迈克·蓬佩奥 (Mike Pompeo) 出任。
Mr. Trump ran on an isolationist platform in the presidential campaign, advocating that America fix its own problems rather than getting embroiled in foreign entanglements. However, in choosing Mr. Pompeo and Mr. Bolton he has brought in two advocates of a muscular and interventionist foreign policy approach.
特朗普以孤立主义的竞选纲领参加了大选角逐，主张美国解决自己的问题，而不是卷入外国的纠纷。然而，选择蓬佩奥和博尔顿，特朗普把两名在外交政策上倡导武力和干预主义策略的人引入了白宫。
The decision also adds to the tension surrounding Mr. Trump’s controversial plans to hold talks with North Korean leader Kim Jong-un. Mr. Bolton, former US ambassador to the UN, last year accused North Korea of secretly hosting Iran’s nuclear programme. Current and former Pentagon officials claim he is quick to advocate military force and has said it is “perfectly legitimate” to launch a pre-emptive strike against North Korea.
这一决定也让特朗普与朝鲜领导人金正恩 (Kim Jong-un) 举行会谈的争议性计划显得更为紧张。曾担任美国驻联合国大使的博尔顿去年曾指责朝鲜秘密支持伊朗的核计划。前任和现任的五角大楼 (Pentagon) 官员声称，博尔顿在支持武力方面非常迅速，并曾表示对朝鲜发起先发制人的打击是“完全合法”的。
Pentagon officials said Gen McMaster's professorial and lecturing style had irritated Mr. Trump as well as some senior White House and Pentagon officials.
五角大楼官员表示，麦克马斯特将军教授式的风格和说教式的方式惹恼了特朗普以及白宫和五角大楼的一些高级官员。