习近平同美国总统拜登

举行视频会晤

President Xi Jinping Had a Virtual Meeting with

US President Joe Biden

（来源：英语世界）

2021年11月16日上午，国家主席习近平同美国总统拜登举行视频会晤。双方就事关中美关系发展的战略性、全局性、根本性问题以及共同关心的重要问题进行了充分、深入的沟通和交流。

On the morning of 16 November, President Xi Jinping had a virtual meeting with US President Joe Biden. The two sides had thorough and in-depth communication and exchanges on issues of strategic, overarching and fundamental importance shaping the development of China-US relations and on important issues of mutual interest.

习近平指出，当前，中美发展都处在关键阶段，人类的“地球村”也面临诸多挑战。中美作为世界前两大经济体和联合国安理会常任理事国，应该加强沟通和合作，既办好我们各自国内的事情，又承担起应尽的国际责任，共同推进人类和平与发展的崇高事业。这是中美两国和世界各国人民的共同愿望，也是中美两国领导人的共同使命。

President Xi pointed out that both China and the US are at critical stages of development, and the "global village" of humanity faces multiple challenges. As the world's two largest economies and permanent members of the UN Security Council, China and the US need to increase communication and cooperation, each run their domestic affairs well and, at the same time, shoulder their share of international responsibilities, and work together to advance the noble cause of world peace and development. This is the shared desire of the people of the two countries and around the world, and the joint mission of Chinese and American leaders.

习近平强调，推动中美各自发展，维护和平稳定的国际环境，包括有效应对气候变化、新冠肺炎疫情在内的全球性挑战，都需要一个健康稳定的中美关系。中美应该相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢。我愿同总统先生一道，形成共识，积极行动，引领中美关系积极向前发展。这是造福两国人民的需要，也是国际社会的期待。

President Xi stressed that a sound and stable China-US relationship is required for advancing the two countries' respective development and for safeguarding a peaceful and stable international environment, including finding effective responses to global challenges such as climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic. China and the US should respect each other, coexist in peace, and pursue win-win cooperation. President Xi expressed his readiness to work with President Biden to build consensus and take active steps to move China-US relations forward in a positive direction. Doing so will advance the interests of the two peoples and meet the expectation of the international community.

习近平指出，过去50年，国际关系中一个最重要的事件就是中美关系恢复和发展，造福了两国和世界。未来50年，国际关系中最重要的事情是中美必须找到正确的相处之道。历史是公正的，一个政治家的所作所为，无论是非功过，历史都要记上一笔。希望总统先生发挥政治领导力，推动美国对华政策回归理性务实的轨道。

President Xi pointed out that the most important event in international relations over the past 50 years was the reopening and development of China-US relations, which has benefited the two countries and the whole world. The most important event in international relations in the coming 50 years will be for China and the US to find the right way to get along. History is a fair judge. What a statesman does, be it right or wrong, be it an accomplishment or a failure, will all be recorded by history. It is hoped that President Biden will demonstrate political leadership and steer America's China policy back on the track of reason and pragmatism.

习近平强调，总结中美关系发展经验和教训，新时期中美相处应该坚持三点原则：一是相互尊重。尊重彼此社会制度和发展道路，尊重对方核心利益和重大关切，尊重各自发展权利，平等相待，管控分歧，求同存异。二是和平共处。不冲突不对抗是双方必须坚守的底线，美方提出中美可“共存”，还可加上两个字，即和平共处。三是合作共赢。中美利益深度交融，合则两利、斗则俱伤。地球足够大，容得下中美各自和共同发展。要坚持互利互惠，不玩零和博弈，不搞你输我赢。

President Xi highlighted that a review of the experience and lessons learned in growing China-US relations shows that for the two countries to get along in the new era, three principles must be followed. First, mutual respect. The two countries need to respect each other's social systems and development paths, respect each other's core interests and major concerns, and respect each other's right to development. They need to treat each other as equals, keep differences under control, and seek common ground while reserving differences. Second, peaceful coexistence. No conflict and no confrontation is a line that both sides must hold. The US side has suggested coexistence between China and the US. One more word can be added to make it peaceful coexistence. Third, win-win cooperation. With their interests deeply intertwined, China and the US stand to gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation. The world is big enough for the two countries to develop individually and collectively. The right thing to do is to choose mutual benefit over zero-sum game or the I-win-you-lose approach.

习近平强调，中美应该着力推动四个方面的优先事项：

President Xi identified four priority areas where China and the US should focus their efforts on.

一是展现大国的担当，引领国际社会合作应对突出挑战。在这方面，中美合作也许不是万能的，但没有中美合作是万万不能的。中方所提的全球性倡议对美国都开放，希望美方也能如此。二是本着平等互利精神，推进各层级各领域交往，为中美关系注入更多正能量。我愿通过多种方式同总统先生保持联系，为中美关系指明方向、注入动力。中美在经济、能源、两军、执法、教育、科技、网络、环保、地方等诸多领域存在广泛共同利益，应该互通有无、取长补短，做大中美合作的“蛋糕”。中美可以利用两国外交安全、经贸财金、气候变化团队等对话渠道和机制平台，推动务实合作，解决具体问题。三是以建设性方式管控分歧和敏感问题，防止中美关系脱轨失控。中美存在分歧很自然，关键是要建设性管控，避免扩大化、激烈化。中方当然要维护自身主权、安全、发展利益，希望美方务必谨慎处理好与此有关的问题。四是加强在重大国际和地区热点问题上的协调和合作，为世界提供更多公共产品。天下并不太平，中美应该同国际社会一道，共同捍卫世界和平，促进全球发展，维护公正合理的国际秩序。

First, shouldering responsibilities of major countries and leading global response to outstanding challenges. China-US cooperation may not solve all problems, but few problems can be solved without China-US cooperation. The global initiatives China has proposed are all open to the US. We hope the reverse is also true. Second, acting in the spirit of equality and mutual benefit to move forward exchanges at all levels and in all areas and generate more positive energy for China-US relations. President Xi expressed his readiness to stay in touch with President Biden through multiple means to set the direction and inject more momentum into bilateral relations. The two countries, with broad common interests in a wide range of areas including economy, energy, mil-to-mil, law-enforcement, education, science and technology, cyber, environmental protection and sub-national interactions, should complement each other to make the cake bigger for China-US cooperation. The two sides could fully harness the dialogue channels and mechanisms between their diplomatic and security, economic and financial, and climate change teams, in an effort to advance practical cooperation and resolve specific issues. Third, managing differences and sensitive issues in a constructive way to prevent China-US relations from getting derailed or out of control. It is only natural for the two countries to have differences. The key is to manage them constructively so that they don't magnify or exacerbate. China will certainly defend its sovereignty, security and development interests. It is important that the US properly handle the relevant issues with prudence. Fourth, strengthening coordination and cooperation on major international and regional hotspot issues to provide more public goods to the world. The world is not tranquil. China and the US need to work together with the rest of the international community to defend world peace, promote global development, and safeguard a fair and equitable international order.

习近平强调，中美两国是两艘在大海中航行的巨轮，我们要把稳舵，使中美两艘巨轮迎着风浪共同前行，不偏航、不失速，更不能相撞。

President Xi compared China and the US to two giant ships sailing in the ocean. It is important for the two sides to keep a steady hand on the tiller, so that the two giant ships will break waves and forge ahead together, without losing direction or speed, still less colliding with each other.

习近平介绍了中国发展道路和战略意图。习近平指出，我们刚刚召开了中共第十九届六中全会，总结了中国共产党百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验。一百年来，中国共产党的初心和使命就是为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴。我们在这方面取得了很大成就，但还远远不够，还要继续努力。我上任时就公开说过，人民对美好生活的向往，就是我们的奋斗目标。中国人民对美好生活的向往，是中国发展最大内生动力，是一个必然的历史趋势，谁想阻挡这个历史趋势，中国人民不会答应，也根本阻挡不了。作为中国领导人，我能够为14亿中国人民服务，同他们一起创造美好生活，是一个重大的挑战，也是一个重大的责任。我的态度是“我将无我，不负人民”。

President Xi explained China's development path and strategic intentions. The just concluded sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee took stock of the major achievements and historical experience of the CPC in the past 100 years. Over the past century, the CPC has kept to its founding aspiration and mission of striving for the happiness of the Chinese people and rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. A lot has been accomplished in this direction, but that is far from enough. More needs to be done. President Xi said that when he took office, he said publicly that the Chinese people's aspiration for a better life is the goal to strive for. The Chinese people's aspiration for a better life is the biggest internal driver for China's development and an inevitable trend of history. Any attempt to stop this historical trend will be rejected by the Chinese people, and will by no means succeed. President Xi said that as China's leader, serving the 1.4 billion Chinese people and working with them for a better life is a great challenge and a great responsibility. "I shall put aside my own well-being and live up to people's expectations," President Xi said.

习近平指出，中国人民历来爱好和平，主张和为贵。中华民族血液中没有侵略他人、称王称霸的基因。新中国成立以来，我们没有主动发起过一场战争或冲突，没有侵占过别国一寸土地。中国无意满世界推销自己的道路，相反我们一直鼓励各国找到适合本国国情的发展之路。

President Xi pointed out that the Chinese people have always loved and valued peace. Aggression or hegemony is not in the blood of the Chinese nation. Since the founding of the People's Republic, China has never started a single war or conflict, and has never taken one inch of land from other countries. China has no intention to sell its own development path around the world. On the contrary, China encourages all countries to find development paths tailored to their respective national conditions.

习近平强调，对外开放是中国的基本国策和鲜明标识。中国扩大高水平开放的决心不会变，同世界分享发展机遇的决心不会变，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢方向发展的决心也不会变。我们提出构建新发展格局，是要扩充国内市场，在更大范围、更大规模上形成国内国际双循环，打造更加市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境。这必将给各国提供更大市场、创造更多机遇。

President Xi stressed that opening-up is a fundamental state policy and a hallmark of China. China will not change its determination to open up at a higher level. China will not change its determination to share development opportunities with the rest of the world. And China will not change its determination to make economic globalization more open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial to all. The new development paradigm that China is working to establish is aimed at expanding domestic market, fostering both domestic and international circulations with greater scope and scale, and building a business environment that is more market-oriented, law-based and up to international standards. All this will provide a bigger market and more opportunities to other countries.

习近平强调，中国倡导和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值。搞意识形态划线、阵营分割、集团对抗，结局必然是世界遭殃。冷战的恶果殷鉴不远。希望美方把不打“新冷战”表态落到实处。

President Xi highlighted China's commitment to peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom, which are common values of humanity. Drawing ideological lines or dividing the world into different camps or rival groups will only make the world suffer. The bitter lessons of the Cold War are still fresh in memory. We hope that the US side can meet its word of not seeking a "new Cold War" with concrete actions.

习近平阐述了中方在台湾问题上的原则立场。习近平强调，台海局势面临新一轮紧张，原因是台湾当局一再企图“倚美谋独”，而美方一些人有意搞“以台制华”。这一趋势十分危险，是在玩火，而玩火者必自焚。一个中国原则和中美三个联合公报是中美关系的政治基础。历届美国政府对此都有明确承诺。台湾问题的真正现状和一个中国的核心内容是：世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分，中华人民共和国政府是代表中国的唯一合法政府。中国实现完全统一，是全体中华儿女的共同愿望。我们是有耐心的，愿以最大诚意、尽最大努力争取和平统一的前景，但如果“台独”分裂势力挑衅逼迫，甚至突破红线，我们将不得不采取断然措施。

President Xi stated China's principled position on the Taiwan question. He noted the new wave of tensions across the Taiwan Strait, and ascribed the tensions to the repeated attempts by the Taiwan authorities to look for US support for their independence agenda as well as the intention of some Americans to use Taiwan to contain China. Such moves are extremely dangerous, just like playing with fire. Whoever plays with fire will get burnt. The one-China principle and the three China-US Joint Communiqués are the political foundation of China-US relations. Previous US administrations have all made clear commitments on this question. The true status quo of the Taiwan question and what lies at the heart of one China are as follows: there is but one China in the world and Taiwan is part of China, and the Government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal government representing China. Achieving China's complete reunification is an aspiration shared by all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation. We have patience and will strive for the prospect of peaceful reunification with utmost sincerity and efforts. That said, should the separatist forces for Taiwan independence provoke us, force our hands or even cross the red line, we will be compelled to take resolute measures.

习近平强调，文明是丰富多彩的，民主也是丰富多彩的。民主不是一种定制的产品，全世界都一个模式、一个规格。一个国家民主不民主，要由这个国家的人民自己来评判。如果因为实现民主的形式不同就加以排斥，这本身就是不民主的行为。我们愿在相互尊重基础上就人权问题开展对话，但我们不赞成借人权问题干涉别国内政。

President Xi highlighted that civilizations are rich and diverse, and so is democracy. Democracy is not mass produced with a uniform model or configuration for countries around the world. Whether a country is democratic or not should be left to its own people to decide. Dismissing forms of democracy that are different from one's own is in itself undemocratic. China is ready to have dialogues on human rights on the basis of mutual respect, but we oppose using human rights to meddle in other countries' internal affairs.

习近平指出，中美应该维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，以国际法为基础的国际秩序，以联合国宪章宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系基本准则。如果没有中美合作，多边主义是不完整的。

President Xi pointed out that China and the US need to uphold the international system with the UN at its core, the international order underpinned by international law, and the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. Multilateralism without China-US cooperation is incomplete.

关于中美经贸关系，习近平指出，中美经贸关系本质是互利双赢，在商言商，不要把中美经贸问题政治化。双方要做大合作“蛋糕”。中方重视美国工商界人士希望中方提供来华便利的诉求，已同意实施升级版的“快捷通道”，相信这将进一步促进中美经贸往来、助力两国经济复苏。美方应该停止滥用和泛化国家安全概念打压中国企业。中美有必要保持宏观经济政策沟通，支持世界经济复苏和防范经济金融风险。美方应该重视国内宏观政策外溢效应，采取负责任的宏观经济政策。

On trade ties, President Xi described the China-US economic and trade relations as mutually beneficial in nature. Business is business. Economic and trade issues between the two countries should not be politicized. The two sides need to make the cake bigger for cooperation. China takes seriously the wishes of US business community to travel to China more easily, and has agreed to upgrade fast-track arrangement, which will further enhance economic and trade exchanges between China and the US and boost the recovery of the two economies. The US should stop abusing or overstretching the concept of national security to suppress Chinese businesses. It is imperative for China and the US to maintain communication on macroeconomic policies, support world economic recovery and guard against economic and financial risks. The US should be mindful of the spillover effects of its domestic macro policies, and adopt responsible macroeconomic policies.

关于能源安全问题，习近平指出，中美应该倡导国际社会共同维护全球能源安全，加强天然气和新能源领域合作，同国际社会一道，维护全球产业链供应链安全稳定。

On energy security, President Xi noted the need for China and the US to call on the international community to jointly protect global energy security, strengthen cooperation on natural gas and new energy, and work with other countries to keep global industrial and supply chains safe and stable.

关于气候变化问题，习近平指出，中美曾携手促成应对气候变化《巴黎协定》，现在两国都在向绿色低碳经济转型，气候变化完全可以成为中美新的合作亮点。我提出绿水青山就是金山银山，要像保护眼睛一样保护生态环境，像对待生命一样对待生态环境。现在，生态文明的理念在中国已家喻户晓，成为社会共识。中国将用历史上最短的时间完成全球最高的碳排放强度降幅，需要付出十分艰苦的努力。中国讲究言必信、行必果，说了就要做到，做不到就不要说。中国仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，发展不平衡不充分的问题十分突出。各国要坚持共同但有区别的责任原则，兼顾应对气候变化和保障民生。少一些推诿指责，多一些团结合作。比口号，更要比行动。发达国家应该认真履行历史责任和应尽义务，而且要保持政策的稳定性。

On climate change, President Xi recalled China-US cooperation that helped bring about the Paris Agreement. He pointed out that, as both countries are transitioning to green and low-carbon economy, climate change can well become a new highlight of cooperation. President Xi reiterated his belief that clear water and green mountains are as valuable as gold and silver, and that we must protect the environment the way we protect our own eyes, and treat the environment the way we treat our own lives. Today, ecological conservation has become a household concept and social consensus in China. China will make the world's biggest cut in carbon emission intensity in the shortest time frame in history, a task that will require extraordinary efforts. China means what it says. It only commits to what it can deliver, and never makes a promise it cannot keep. China is still the largest developing country in the world. The issue of unbalanced and inadequate development still stands out. All countries need to uphold the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and strike a balance between addressing climate change and protecting livelihoods. What the world needs is less finger-pointing or blame game, but more solidarity and cooperation. Words matter, but actions matter even more. Developed countries need to earnestly fulfill their historical responsibilities and due obligations, and maintain policy consistency.

关于公共卫生安全问题，习近平指出，新冠肺炎疫情再次证明，人类社会是命运共同体。没有比人的生命更优先的考量。团结合作是国际社会战胜疫情最有力武器。对待重大疫情，需要的是科学态度，把疾病问题政治化有百害而无一利。全球抗疫的当务之急是破解疫苗赤字，消除“疫苗鸿沟”。我在去年疫情暴发初期就提出新冠疫苗应该作为全球公共产品，并在不久前提出全球疫苗合作行动倡议。中国率先向有需要的发展中国家提供疫苗，累计超过17亿剂疫苗和原液。我们还会考虑发展中国家的需求，增加新的捐赠。新冠肺炎疫情不会是人类面临的最后一次公共卫生危机。中美应该倡导建立全球公共卫生及传染病防控合作机制，推动开展国际交流合作。

On public health, President Xi pointed out that the pandemic once again proves that humanity lives in a community with a shared future. There is no higher priority than people's lives. Solidarity and cooperation is the most powerful weapon for the international community to defeat COVID-19. Response to any major disease must be based on science. Politicizing diseases does no good but only harm. The pressing priority in the global COVID response is to address the vaccine deficits and close the vaccination gap. President Xi said that he suggested making COVID vaccines a global public good at the early stage of the pandemic last year, and put forth a Global Vaccine Cooperation Initiative just recently. China is among the first to offer vaccines to developing countries in need, delivering over 1.7 billion doses of finished and bulk vaccines to the world. We will consider making additional donations in light of the needs of developing countries. COVID-19 will not be the last public health crisis facing humanity. China and the US need to call for the establishment of a cooperation mechanism for global public health and communicable disease prevention and control, and promote further international exchanges and cooperation.

拜登表示，美中关系是世界上最重要的双边关系。美中作为两个世界大国，对美中两国和世界人民都负有责任。双方应通过开诚布公和坦率对话，增进对彼此意图的了解，确保两国竞争是公平、健康的，而不会演变成为冲突。我赞同习近平主席所讲，历史是公正的，美中关系只能搞好，不能搞砸。中国在5000多年前就已经是一个大国。我愿明确重申，美方不寻求改变中国的体制，不寻求通过强化同盟关系反对中国，无意同中国发生冲突。美国政府致力于奉行长期一贯的一个中国政策，不支持“台独”，希望台海地区保持和平稳定。美方愿同中方相互尊重、和平共处，加强沟通，减少误解，以建设性方式妥处分歧，在美中两国利益一致的领域加强合作，共同应对新冠肺炎、气候变化等全球性挑战，让两国人民都能过上更美好的生活。应该鼓励我们的年轻一代更多接触，了解彼此文化，从而使这个世界变得更加美好。

President Biden said that the US-China relationship is the most important bilateral relations in the world. As two major countries, the US and China have a responsibility to the world as well as to our people. The two sides need to have open and candid dialogues to enhance understanding of each other's intentions, and make sure that competition between the two countries is fair and healthy and does not veer into conflict. President Biden echoed President Xi's comment that history is a fair judge, and that they should make the relationship work and not mess it up. China has been a major power since 5,000 years ago. Biden reiterated that the US does not seek to change China's system, the revitalization of its alliances is not anti-China, and the US has no intention to have a conflict with China. Biden reaffirmed the US government's long-standing one-China policy, stated that the US does not support "Taiwan independence", and expressed the hope for peace and stability to be maintained in the Taiwan Strait. The US is willing to work with China on the basis of mutual respect and peaceful coexistence, increase communication, reduce misperception, and handle differences constructively. Biden emphasized the need for the US and China to work more closely in areas where their interests align, respond to global challenges such as the COVID pandemic and climate change, and deliver better lives to the two peoples. We should encourage the younger generation to interact more and be more exposed to each other's culture, which will help make the world a better place.

双方还就阿富汗、伊朗核和朝鲜半岛局势等其他共同关心的国际和地区问题交换了意见。

The two sides also exchanged views on Afghanistan, the Iranian nuclear issue, the situation on the Korean Peninsula, and other international and regional issues of mutual interest.

两国元首都认为，此次会晤是坦率、建设性、实质性和富有成效的，有利于增进双方相互了解，增加国际社会对中美关系的正面预期，向中美两国和世界发出了强有力信号。双方同意继续通过各种方式保持密切联系，推动中美关系重回健康稳定发展的正确轨道，造福中美两国人民和世界各国人民。

The two Presidents agreed that their meeting is candid, constructive, substantive and productive. It helps increase mutual understanding, adds to the positive expectation of the international community for this relationship, and sends a powerful message to the two countries and the world. The two sides agreed to maintain close communication in different forms and steer China-US relations back on the right track of sound and steady development, for the good of the people in both countries and around the world.

丁薛祥、刘鹤、杨洁篪、王毅等参加会晤。

Ding Xuexiang, Liu He, Yang Jiechi and Wang Yi were present at the meeting.

（编辑：张晶晶）